Thermodynamic Modeling of Apparent Molal Volumes of Bivalent Metal Nitrate Salts with Pitzer Model

Mouad Arrad

doi:10.53941/acpa.2025.100004

Abstract

The apparent molal volumes of selected bivalent metal nitrate salts, Co(NO₃)₂, Ni(NO₃)₂, and Mg(NO₃)₂, in water have been assessed from the available density measurements of their aqueous solutions at 25 °C over a wide molality range. The values of have been fitted to the Pitzer model using its volumetric contributions. The model parameters , , and were determined for each aqueous electrolyte, over the composition range from 0 to about 4.5 mol·kg⁻¹·H₂O. The new experimental data and parameters obtained will be useful to extend the present database of electrolyte solutions and provide a reliable model for industrial use, which could be extended to other thermodynamic properties.

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