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Broad Learning System in DataMining andMachine Learning

  • Fan Yun *,   
  • Zhiwen Yu,   
  • Kaixiang Yang

Received: 04 Sep 2025 | Revised: 16 Nov 2025 | Accepted: 16 Dec 2025 | Published: 17 Dec 2025

Abstract

The paper presents a comprehensive survey of Broad Learning System (BLS) in data mining and machine learning. BLS is characterized as a lightweight, singlelayer neural network that leverages a pseudo-inverse-based weight-update mechanism. BLS supports dynamic training through incremental learning and pruning strategies. In recent years, BLS has garnered increasing attention and given rise to numerous variants. To enhance BLS performance and robustness, researchers have integrated kernel methods, manifold learning, and ensemble learning techniques into the BLS framework. Finally, the paper outlines prospective directions for future BLS research.

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Yun, F.; Yu, Z.; Yang, K. Broad Learning System in DataMining andMachine Learning. Data Mining and Machine Learning 2025, 1 (1), 100002.
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