EMT/
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2605003945
  • Open Access
  • Review

Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater of Sea-Land Interaction Zones: Diagnosis and Remediation

  • Hui Wang,   
  • Shaohu Ouyang,   
  • Qixing Zhou *

Received: 22 Mar 2026 | Revised: 30 Apr 2026 | Accepted: 15 May 2026 | Published: 26 May 2026

Abstract

Sea-land interaction zones (SLIZs) are critical socio-economic and ecological hotspots, whose groundwater serves as the core freshwater supply for over 40% of the global coastal population. Widespread arsenic (As) contamination in SLIZs groundwater, with nearly 50% of global coastal aquifers persistently exceeding the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 μg/L, poses severe chronic health risks and threatens coastal ecosystem integrity. Through comprehensive literature retrieval, classification induction, and comparative analysis of technologies, this review systematically synthesizes current progress in the diagnosis, transformation mechanisms, and remediation of As contamination in SLIZs groundwater. Key quantitative findings reveal that tidal fluctuations drive over 40% diurnal variation in coastal As concentrations, yet approximately 85% of existing field surveys rely on static single-point sampling that fails to capture these transient dynamics. This work clarifies the unique coupled natural-anthropogenic As sources and tide-driven speciation transformation and migration rules specific to SLIZs, critically evaluates the severe adaptability limitations of existing diagnostic and remediation systems in dynamic high-salinity coastal environments, and proposes targeted key challenges and future research priorities. This review provides essential scientific support for As contamination control and water security safeguarding in global coastal regions.

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DOI
10.53941/emt.2026.100014
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Volume 1, Issue 1
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Wang, H.; Ouyang, S.; Zhou, Q. Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater of Sea-Land Interaction Zones: Diagnosis and Remediation. Environmental and Microbial Technology 2026, 1 (1), 14. https://doi.org/10.53941/emt.2026.100014.
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