The utilization of digital twin technology in large-scale power plants has recently attracted considerable attention. This is because a digital twin can be an opportunity to improve multiple aspects of power plant operations, such as performance monitoring, predictive maintenance, and fault diagnosis. As a result, this study aims to present a comprehensive survey of the existing literature on applying digital twins in large-scale power plants. These applications include thermal, nuclear, and hydropower plants. Furthermore, this paper explores the distinct architecture of a large-scale power plant digital twin. This comprehensive survey paves the way for accurately identifying gaps and constraints restraining the use of digital twins for large-scale power plants. There is a clear indication of a research gap when examining the challenges and practical considerations in implementing digital twins in large-scale power plants.



