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Digestive and Metabolic Functional Responses of Juvenile Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) to Acute Acidification Stress

  • Xiaoyan Wang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, †,   
  • Xuancheng Liu 6, †,   
  • Zhengyi Fu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,   
  • Jing Bai 8,   
  • Zhenhua Ma 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, *

Received: 21 Aug 2025 | Revised: 04 Sep 2025 | Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 | Published: 11 Sep 2025

Abstract

This study investigated the tolerance of juvenile yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) to acute acidification by determining the activities of trypsin, pepsin, α-amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), and Na+K+-ATPase (NKA) under varying pH conditions, combined with histological section preparation to examine morphological changes. The research aims to provide fundamental reference data for the cage aquaculture of this species. The main findings were as follows: Protease activity increased at pH 7.6; α-amylase activity elevated in the pyloric caeca and liver at pH 7.1, while both α-amylase and lipase activities increased in the stomach at pH 6.6. Foregut enzyme activities decreased with increasing acidity. Hepatic alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly elevated at pH 7.6, whereas gill metabolic enzymes peaked at pH 6.6. Histological analyses showed shortened bends in the midgut villi visible to the naked eye and gill lamellae hyperplasia under low pH conditions. These results indicate moderate adaptability at pH 7.6 but marked physiological stress at pH 6.6.

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Wang, X.; Liu, X.; Fu, Z.; Bai, J.; Ma, Z. Digestive and Metabolic Functional Responses of Juvenile Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) to Acute Acidification Stress. Aquatic Life and Ecosystems 2025. https://doi.org/10.53941/ale.2025.100004.
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