This study provides an analytic and numerical characterization of a class of regular, asymptotically flat black holes described by a deformed static spherical metric. The model is grounded in a four-dimensional non-polynomial quasi-topological framework in which higher-curvature corrections maintain a static spherically symmetric sector that allows for tractable black-hole solutions with regular cores. Starting from the existence conditions of horizons and regularity, the allowed parameter domain and the extremal bound are derived. Hawking temperature, shadow radius, photon-ring Lyapunov exponent, and ISCO binding efficiency are then analyzed across the physically allowed parameter space. We further extend the analysis to Novikov-Thorne thin-disk accretion by deriving the flux kernel, effective-temperature profile, and bolometric luminosity scaling, and by providing representative numerical datasets for these quantities. A coherent trend emerges: increasing the deformation parameter drives the solution away from Schwarzschild behavior, reducing temperature, shadow size, and photon-orbit instability rate while enhancing orbital binding efficiency and accretion luminosity; increasing the exponent ν suppresses deformation effects and restores Schwarzschild-like observables. These results provide a compact phenomenological map linking horizon structure, thermodynamics, optical signatures, dynamical instability, and thin-disk accretion diagnostics in this regular black-hole family.
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Thermodynamic, Optical, and Orbital Signatures of Regular Asymptotically Flat Black Holes in Quasi-Topological Gravity
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Received: 28 Mar 2026 | Revised: 23 Jun 2026 | Accepted: 24 Jun 2026 | Published: 29 Jun 2026
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References
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