Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hoplolaimus seinhorsti Luc, 1958 with Its First Report on Turfgrass

Yongsan Zeng; Joseph A. Roberts

Abstract

In the 2023 summer season, a Hoplolaimus population collected from the rhizosphere of bermudagrass collected in Shenzhen, China was morphologically and molecularly identified as H. seinhorsti. As far as we are aware, this is the first documentation of H. seinhorsti from turfgrass. The average body length of females in this population is 1465 µm. Lip region is set off from body by a deep constriction, with 4 annules, basal annule of lip region has 9–10 longitudinal striations. A single incisure is faint in lateral field. Excretory pore (EP) is located at level of esophageal glands. Hemizonid is situated 2 annules posterior to EP. Stylet is strong, with large, tulip-shaped basal knobs, 33 to 43 µm long. Esophageal glands dorsally overlap the intestine, with six gland nuclei. Intestine does not overlap rectum. Vulval opening is situated at 53–59% of total body length from the anterior end, posterior epiptygma is visible. Reproductive system didelphic with two equally developed outreached ovaries, no spermatheca observed. Tail shorter, 0.8–1.4 anal body diameter long, with rounded tip, with 10–16 annules. Phylogenetic analysis using partial sequences of 18S and the expansion fragment D2-D3 of 28S rDNA genes suggested that studied H. seinhorsti is clustered in a monophyletic clade with high support with the other populations of H. seinhorsti, revealed closer relationship of this species to H. columbus, H. indicus, H. dubius and H. pararobustus than to H. galeatus, H. stephanus, H. concaudajuvencus and H. magnistylus, and supported that the present H. seinhorsti is a separate species from H. columbus, H. galeatus, H. concaudajuvencus and H. stephanus found on turfgrasses.

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