Scilight Press

In Iraq, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ranged about 1.4 million which is nearly 8.5%. The patients with diabetes are commonly caused by electrolyte disorders such as calcium ion (Ca⁺²), phosphate (PO₄ ⁼ ), magnesium (Mg⁺²), sodium (Na⁺ ) and potassium (K⁺ ). Sixty-five patients participated in this study. Their ages ranged between 45-60 years and the mean of BMI to patients 23.55±4.56. The mean of random blood glucose (RBG) and HbA1c was 288.42±68.63 mg/dl, 9.08±1.9%, respectively. In contrast, apparently 30 people were selected as a control group. Their age range was comparable to that of patients and the mean of BMI equal 22.94±3.15. The mean of RBG and HbA1c was 101.9±11.18 mg/dl and 5.03±0.63%, respectively. Five electrolytes were measured [serum total calcium (T.Ca), PO₄ ⁼ , Mg⁺², Na⁺ and K⁺] by spectrophotometer methods. There was a significant increase in serum T.Ca, PO₄ ⁼ and K⁺ in diabetes patients, while no significant difference in Mg⁺² and Na⁺ with healthy group. Increased serum T.Ca formed Ca⁺²- channels disorder or kidney diseases and metabolic disorders caused defect in serum T.Ca and PO₄ ⁼. The insulin deficiency and healthy diet increased serum K⁺, finally uncontrolled blood glucose affecting many tissues and organs that affect electrolytes level.