Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Myocardial infraction (MI) as one of the most harmful forms of ischaemic heart disease requires rigorous and tempestive approaches which are not met by current clinical interventions. Nanotechnology has developed promising clinical applications for imaging, diagnostic, gene delivery and tissue engineering, which makes this technology a potential candidate for novel therapeutic delivery approach. This review highlights several recent research reports regarding advances in drug delivery using nanoparticle-based (NP) strategies, as well as future challenges and opportunities.