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Least-Squares Linear Estimation for Multirate Uncertain Systems subject to DoS Attacks

Raquel Caballero-Águila*
M. Pilar Frías-Bustamante
Antonia Oya-Lechuga
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Submitted: 14 Feb 2025 | Accepted: 25 May 2025 | Published: 30 Jun 2025

Abstract

This paper investigates the least-squares linear estimation problem for multirate systems with stochastic parameter matrices, under the influence of random denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. These attacks can severely impair the performance of estimation algorithms by causing intermittent loss of mea- surement data. To counteract the adverse effect of DoS attacks, two compensation strategies –hold-input and prediction compensation– are used. For each of these  strategies,  specific recursive filtering and smoothing algorithms are designed. A key advantage of the proposed methodology is its ability to oper- ate without requiring a detailed signal evolution model, relying only on the mean and covariance func- tions  of the  involved  processes.  The  effectiveness  of the  proposed  approaches  is  validated  through numerical  simulations,  which highlight how  common  network-induced phenomena,  such  as  missing observations, can be incorporated into the framework of systems with random parameter matrices and, additionally, they provide insights into estimation performance under different attack probabilities.

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Caballero-Águila, R., Frías-Bustamante, M. P., & Oya-Lechuga, A. (2025). Least-Squares Linear Estimation for Multirate Uncertain Systems subject to DoS Attacks. International Journal of Network Dynamics and Intelligence, 4(2), 100014. https://doi.org/10.53941/ijndi.2025.100014
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