Rauwolfia serpentina Treatment Prevents Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in the Heart and Kidneys of Isoprenaline-Administered Rats

Kamrun Nahar Ela; Mirza Alimullah; Asif Ul Haque Shuvo; Puspa Sornakar; Shamima Sultana; Md. Junaeid Rahman; Md. Sakil Amin; Khondoker Shahin Ahmed; Hemayet Hossain; Mohammad Borhan Uddin; Ferdous Khan; Md. Ashraful Alam; Nusrat Subhan

doi:10.53941/jmnp.2026.100004

Abstract

This study examined the protective effects of Rauwolfia serpentina root extract against isoprenaline (ISO)-induced oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cardiac injury in rats. ISO (50 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously twice weekly. Biochemical markers, including uric acid, creatinine, CK-MB, MDA, NO, AOPP, and antioxidant enzymes, were evaluated, alongside histopathological analysis. ISO increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiac damage, while R. serpentina treatment significantly reduced uric acid, creatinine, CK-MB, MDA, NO, AOPP, and myeloperoxidase levels, and restored antioxidant activity. Histology showed reduced fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration in treated rats. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6, along with activation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway. Network pharmacology identified six key polyphenols in R. serpentina interacting with 141 cardiac hypertrophy-related proteins. Overall, R. serpentina mitigates ISO-induced cardiac and renal damage by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis.

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