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  • Open Access
  • Review

Nanocluster Luminophores for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Imaging

  • Junjun Ge †,   
  • Ruiqi Li  †,   
  • Yuping Wei,   
  • Changjie Mao,   
  • Hui Zhu *

Received: 17 Jun 2026 | Revised: 27 Jul 2026 | Accepted: 30 Jul 2026 | Published: 02 Sep 2026

Abstract

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) imaging has emerged as a powerful visual analytical technique that integrates electrochemistry and optical detection, and finds extensive applications in immunosensing, single-cell analysis, and single-particle behavior investigation. Its exceptional capacity to realize in situ visual observation of microscale targets endows this method with irreplaceable practical value in frontier analytical research. Luminophores act as the core determinant of ECL imaging emission, while the limited types and inherent defects of conventional luminous materials severely restrict the further development and practical application of ECL imaging. As a newly developed class of functional materials, nanoclusters offer outstanding advantages, including low toxicity, good biocompatibility, tunable optical performance, and high structural uniformity, making them promising innovative luminophores for advanced ECL imaging. This review systematically summarizes the basic equipment of ECL imaging and comprehensively discusses the advantages and limitations of mainstream ECL luminophores. More importantly, it emphatically reviews the unique properties, photon emission-enhancing strategies, and diversified imaging applications of nanocluster-based ECL systems. Additionally, the current technical bottlenecks of nanocluster ECL imaging are discussed, and future research directions, including structure-activity relationship exploration, synergistic performance modification, application expansion, and intelligent equipment integration, are prospected. This review aims to provide a systematic and insightful reference for the rational design of high-efficiency ECL luminophores and the development of novel high-performance ECL imaging platforms for bioanalysis and environmental monitoring.

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DOI
10.53941/nenp.2026.100020
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Volume 2, Issue 3
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Ge, J.; Li , R.; Wei, Y.; Mao, C.; Zhu, H. Nanocluster Luminophores for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Imaging. Nano-electrochemistry & Nano-photochemistry 2026, 2 (3), 20. https://doi.org/10.53941/nenp.2026.100020.
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