Synthesis and Characterization of Ternary Metallic Oxide (Zn-Mn-AgO) Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Degradation Performance for Malachite Green Dye

Muhammad Rahim; Shafeeq Ur Rahman; Shahab Khan; Kashif Iqbal; Asad Ullah

doi:10.53941/ldm.2026.1000010

Abstract

In this work, a Zn-Mn-AgO ternary metal oxide nanoparticle was prepared through a straightforward co-precipitation route and evaluated as a photocatalyst for degrading malachite green dye. We used Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to characterize the trimetallic oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The SEM images reveal a spherical, dense, and agglomerated particle morphology. The average particle size was estimated at 51 nm using ImageJ software (version 1.53t, National Institutes of Health, USA). The results confirm the formation of ternary metal oxide nanoparticles (Zn-Mn-AgO NPs). About 93–95.26% degradation of the selected dye was calculated within 125 min. The effect of time, pH, and concentration was also studied.

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