State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.

Center for Satellite Applications on Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100006, China.

School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.

State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China.

Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wastewater Information Analysis and Early Warning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.


College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.

Satellite Applicsticn Center for Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China.

Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.


School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.

School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.

Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315104, China.

Texas Institute for Applied Environmental Research, Tarleton State University, Member of The Texas A&M University System, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA.

Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44613, Nepal.

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.

Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China.

Department of Co-evolution of Land Use and Urbanisation, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena 07745, Germany

Department of Plant Resources, Ministry of Forests and Environment, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.

School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.

State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.

School of Petroleum and Environmental Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China.

Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway.
