2610005356
  • Open Access
  • Article

Sibling Networks and Risky Portfolio Breadth in Urban China

  • Yu Liu *,   
  • Lianhuang Sun

Received: 07 Jun 2026 | Revised: 14 Sep 2026 | Accepted: 08 Oct 2026 | Published: 19 Oct 2026

Abstract

Sibling networks may provide close-family support while also creating potential claims on household resources. Using 8893 urban households from the 2021 China Household Finance Survey, this paper relates the household head’s number of siblings to risky financial participation and the number of risky or investment asset categories held. A compact conceptual framework organizes the interpretation by treating household portfolio breadth as a buffer-preservation choice under income, liquidity, and family-obligation constraints. The preferred specifications condition on household, head, socioeconomic, province, and birth-cohort characteristics. Sibling count is negatively associated with both risky financial participation and risky or investment asset-category breadth. The association remains visible across alternative cohort controls, high-sibling treatments, and model-family checks. It is more pronounced among households with higher assets, higher income, and higher education, where participation and category breadth are more feasible financial margins. Sensitivity analysis assesses omitted variable selection under stated assumptions. Supplementary transfer indicators document financial connections within families. The estimates should be read as observational conditional associations rather than causal effects.

References 

  • 1.

    Campbell, J.Y. Household Finance. J. Financ. 2006, 61, 1553–1604. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.00883.x.

  • 2.

    Gomes, F. Portfolio Choice over the Life Cycle: A Survey. Annu. Rev. Financ. Econ. 2020, 12, 277–304. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-financial-012820-113815.

  • 3.

    Guiso, L.; Haliassos, M.; Jappelli, T. Household Stockholding in Europe: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go? Econ. Policy 2003, 18, 123–170. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0327.00104.

  • 4.

    Hong, H.; Kubik, J.D.; Stein, J.C. Social Interaction and Stock-Market Participation. J. Financ. 2004, 59, 137–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00629.x.

  • 5.

    Brown, J.R.; Ivković, Z.; Smith, P.A.; et al. Neighbors Matter: Causal Community Effects and Stock Market Participation. J. Financ. 2008, 63, 1509–1531. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2008.01364.x.

  • 6.

    Legenzova, R.; Leckė, G. The Link between Family Financial Socialization in Adulthood and Investment Literacy of P2P Investors. J. Fam. Econ. Issues 2025, 46, 525–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-024-09962-y.

  • 7.

    Liang, P.; Guo, S. Social Interaction, Internet Access and Stock Market Participation—An Empirical Study in China. J. Comp. Econ. 2015, 43, 883–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2015.02.003.

  • 8.

    Jiang, M.; Sun, R.; Zhang, B. Social Networks and Household Financial Decisions: Evidence from China. J. Appl. Econ. 2022, 25, 58–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2021.2007725.

  • 9.

    Li, Q.; Brounen, D.; Li, J.; et al. Social Interactions and Chinese Households’ Participation in the Risky Financial Market. Financ. Res. Lett. 2022, 49, 103142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103142.

  • 10.

    Calvet, L.E.; Campbell, J.Y.; Sodini, P. Measuring the Financial Sophistication of Households. Am. Econ. Rev. Pap. Proc. 2009, 99, 393–398. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.2.393.

  • 11.

    Polkovnichenko, V. Household Portfolio Diversification: A Case for Rank-Dependent Preferences. Rev. Financ. Stud. 2005, 18, 1467–1502. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhi033.

  • 12.

    Goetzmann, W.N.; Kumar, A. Equity Portfolio Diversification. Rev. Financ. 2008, 12, 433–463. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfn005.

  • 13.

    Li, K.; Mengmeng, H.; Huo, J. Digital Inclusive Finance and Asset Allocation of Chinese Residents: Evidence from the China Household Finance Survey. PLOS ONE 2022, 17, e0267055. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267055.

  • 14.

    Liu, Z.; Li, K.; Zhang, T. Information Diversity and Household Portfolio Diversification. Int. J. Financ. Econ. 2023, 28, 3833–3845. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2622.

  • 15.

    Dong, J. Digital Finance’s Impact on Household Portfolio Diversity: Evidence from Chinese Households. Financ. Res. Lett. 2024, 70, 106347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.106347.

  • 16.

    Xie, M.; Lin, H.; Zhao, Y. The Impact of Financial Capability on Household Economic Resilience: Perspectives and Insights from China. J. Fam. Issues 2026, 47, 1649–1674. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513x261423896.

  • 17.

    Alzuabi, R.; Brown, S.; Gray, D.; et al. Portfolio Allocation and Borrowing Constraints. Eur. J. Financ. 2024, 30, 915–948. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2023.2241528.

  • 18.

    Kotlikoff, L.J.; Spivak, A. The Family as an Incomplete Annuities Market. J. Polit. Econ. 1981, 89, 372–391. https://doi.org/10.1086/260970.

  • 19.

    Townsend, R.M. Risk and Insurance in Village India. Econometrica 1994, 62, 539–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/2951659.

  • 20.

    Fafchamps, M.; Lund, S. Risk-Sharing Networks in Rural Philippines. J. Dev. Econ. 2003, 71, 261–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3878(03)00029-4.

  • 21.

    Zhou, W. Brothers, Household Financial Markets and Savings Rate in China. J. Dev. Econ. 2014, 111, 34–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.07.002.

  • 22.

    Wu, X.; Zhao, J. Risk Sharing, Siblings, and Household Equity Investment: Evidence from Urban China. J. Popul. Econ. 2020, 33, 461–482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-019-00740-x.

  • 23.

    Niu, G.; Wang, Q.; Li, H.; et al. Number of Brothers, Risk Sharing, and Stock Market Participation. J. Bank. Financ. 2020, 113, 105757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105757.

  • 24.

    Keister, L.A. Sharing the Wealth: The Effect of Siblings on Adults’ Wealth Ownership. Demography 2003, 40, 521–542. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2003.0026.

  • 25.

    Lersch, P.M. Fewer Siblings, More Wealth? Sibship Size and Wealth Attainment. Eur. J. Popul. 2019, 35, 959–986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-018-09512-x.

  • 26.

    Cheng, Z.; Smyth, R.; Zhang, L. Does Childhood Adversity Affect Household Portfolio Decisions? Evidence from the Chinese Great Famine. China Econ. Rev. 2024, 87, 102227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2024.102227.

  • 27.

    Wu, X.; Li, L. The Motives of Intergenerational Transfer to the Elderly Parents in China: Consequences of High Medical Expenditure. Health Econ. 2014, 23, 631–652. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.2943.

  • 28.

    Rosenzweig, M.R.; Zhang, J. Co-Residence, Life-Cycle Savings and Inter-Generational Support in Urban China; National Bureau of Economic Research: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3386/w20057.

  • 29.

    İmrohoroğlu, A.; Zhao, K. Intergenerational Transfers and China’s Social Security Reform. J. Econ. Ageing 2018, 11, 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2017.01.003.

  • 30.

    Zhu, H.; Xie, Y. Buying out of Familial Obligation: The Tradeoff between Financially Supporting versus Living with Elderly Parents in Urban China. Chin. J. Sociol. 2017, 3, 56–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150x16685499.

  • 31.

    Xu, J. Intergenerational Transfers in China: What Are the Patterns of the Transfers and When Do the Transfers Occur? Int. Stud. Econ. 2024, 19, 117–150. https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.61.

  • 32.

    Ye, J.; Zhao, L. Do Traditional Family Values Affect Household Asset Allocation?—Empirical from China. J. Fam. Econ. Issues 2025, 46, 277–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-024-10004-w.

  • 33.

    Gu, Y.; Arends-Kuenning, M. Investment in Children’s Higher Education and Household Asset Allocation in China. J. Appl. Econ. 2022, 25, 1081–1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2022.2107371.

  • 34.

    Chen, B.; Zeng, N.; Tam, K.P. Do Social Networks Affect Household Financial Vulnerability? Evidence from China. Financ. Res. Lett. 2024, 59, 104710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104710.

  • 35.

    Zhang, L.; Zuo, Y.; Yin, Z. Helping Hands during Tough Times: Social Networking and Household Financial Vulnerability. Res. Int. Bus. Financ. 2026, 83, 103266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.103266.

  • 36.

    Toney, J.; Bogan, V.L. How Extended Family Mental Health Issues Influence Household Portfolio Allocations. Rev. Econ. Househ. 2024, 22, 633–708. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-023-09666-6.

  • 37.

    Toney, J.; Hamilton, D. Economic Insecurity in the Family Tree and the Racial Wealth Gap. Rev. Evol. Polit. Econ. 2022, 3, 539–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43253-022-00076-5.

  • 38.

    Correia, S.; Guimarães, P.; Zylkin, T. Fast Poisson Estimation with High-Dimensional Fixed Effects. Stata J. Promot. Commun. Stat. Stata 2020, 20, 95–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867x20909691.

  • 39.

    Oster, E. Unobservable Selection and Coefficient Stability: Theory and Evidence. J. Bus. Econ. Stat. 2019, 37, 187–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2016.1227711.

Share this article:
How to Cite
Liu, Y.; Sun, L. Sibling Networks and Risky Portfolio Breadth in Urban China. Complex Systems Stability & Control 2026, 2 (4), 3. https://doi.org/10.53941/cssc.2026.100026.
RIS
BibTex
Copyright & License
article copyright Image
Copyright (c) 2026 by the authors.
Article Metrics
14
Article Views
0
Citations