HM/
Articles/
2507000921
  • Open Access
  • Review
Physiological and Pathological Insights into the Circadian Rhythm of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Metabolism
  • Ping Dai 1, 2,   
  • Jun-Yan Liu 1, 2, 3, 4, *

Received: 05 Dec 2024 | Revised: 26 Dec 2024 | Accepted: 01 Apr 2025 | Published: 07 Jul 2025

Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential lipid components that maintain human health and take part in various physiological and pathological processes. PUFAs are metabolized to bioactive mediators, such as prostaglandins (PGs), leukotrienes (LTs), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (HETEs), which play critical roles in cardiovascular function, metabolic homeostasis, neural activity, and inflammatory responses. Emerging evidence has shown that the circadian clock regulates the metabolism of PUFAs, exhibiting marked circadian rhythms varying across different disease states. This review explores the circadian dynamics of PUFAs metabolism and its implications in cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and immune diseases. Special attention is given to the circadian expression changes in PUFAs metabolic enzymes, like cyclooxygenases (COXs), lipoxygenases (LOXs), and cytochrome P450s (CYPs), and their potential mechanisms in disease development. In addition, the review discusses the application of circadian rhythms of PUFAs metabolism to optimize clinical strategies such as chronotherapy and personalized medicine. Understanding the circadian regulation in PUFAs metabolism could unveil new insights into disease mechanisms and inspire innovative approaches for the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases.

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10.53941/hm.2025.100017
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Volume 2, Issue 3
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Dai, P.; Liu, J.-Y. Physiological and Pathological Insights into the Circadian Rhythm of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Metabolism. Health and Metabolism 2025, 2 (3), 2. https://doi.org/10.53941/hm.2025.100017.
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